排水溝槽開挖、回填技術交底.doc

交底內容：
一、土方開挖：
1.  測量放樣定出中心樁、槽邊線及堆土堆料界線，界線至開挖線的距離應根據開挖深度確定，并不小于5m。
2.  開挖前，先查明段地下管線及其它地下構筑物情況，會同有關部門做出妥善處理，確保施工安全。并提前打設井點降水，在地下水位穩定在槽底以下1.0m時才進行土方開挖。
3.  采用機械開挖方式為主，人工開挖方式為輔的挖土方式。開挖應分層、分段依次進行，形成一定坡度，以利排水。開挖時不允許破壞溝底原狀土，若不可避免溝底原狀土被破壞時，必須用原土夯實平整。基底設計標高以上0.2~0.3m的原狀土，應在鋪管前人工清理至設計標高。
4.  采用放坡開挖，基底寬度為管徑加上工作寬度和臨時排水溝的寬度。放坡的坡度采用1：1，排水溝的截面尺寸為200mm×300mm，沿著臨時排水溝每隔20m設置600mm×600mm×800mm的集水井，采用潛水泵把集水井的水抽出溝槽外。開挖時應保護坡腳，邊坡應嚴格按圖紙施工，不允許欠挖和超挖，邊坡應用人工修整。
5.  開挖后的土方如達到回填質量要求并經監理確認后應用于填筑材料，不適用于回填的土料棄于業主、監理指定地點。
6.  溝槽開挖時其斷面尺寸必須準確，溝底平直，溝內無塌方，無積水，無各種油類及雜物，轉角符合設計要求。
7.  開挖溝槽達設計標高時，應立即報監理驗收并做土工試驗，檢查合格后應盡快進行基底墊層施工，以防滲水浸透基底。
8.  基底土質與設計不符時，應報監理、業主研究討論，由業主、監理、設計和施工單位共同商討加固措施。
9.  開挖完成后，應及時做好防護措施，盡量防止基底土的擾動，并應盡快組織進行基底墊層施工。
夜間開挖時，應有足夠的照明設施，并要合理安排開挖順序，防止錯挖或超挖。
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Cards on the table contents:
1, earth excavation:
1. Survey setting set center pile, heap mound material groove edges and lines, line to line distance of excavation should be determined according to the depth of excavation, not less than 5m.
2. Excavation before the identification section of underground pipelines and other underground structures in the situation, together with relevant departments to make proper treatment, to ensure construction safety. Set in advance to play well point dewatering, the water table stable at bottom only when the following 1.0m earth excavation.
3. Mainly by mechanical excavation, supplemented by manual excavation excavation methods. Excavation should be hierarchical, segmented in turn, a certain slope to facilitate drainage. Not allowed to undermine the ditch excavation undisturbed soil, if the inevitable bottom was undisturbed soil is destroyed, you must use the original soil compaction level. Basal 0.2 ~ 0.3m above the design elevation of the undisturbed soil, should be to clean up before laying pipe to the design elevation.
4. By Slope excavation, base width is the width and diameter with the work of the width of the temporary drainage ditches. Slope gradient of 1:1, the drain section size is 200mm × 300mm, 20m to set up temporary drains every 600mm × 600mm × 800mm set of wells, wells with submersible pumps the water out of Baji outside groove. Excavation should be to protect the foot of the slope should be strictly in accordance with construction drawings, are not allowed due to digging and ultra-digging, artificial slope repair.
5. Excavation to backfill of earth, such as quality requirements and confirmed by the Commissioner of filling material used, does not apply to the backfill soil material abandoned in the owner, supervision and designated locations.
6. Trench excavation size of its cross section must be accurate, the bottom was flat, trench without cave-ins, no water, no oils and debris, corner meet design requirements.
7. Digging a trench up to the design elevation, the inspection and supervision should be immediately reported to do soil tests to check the basement as soon as possible after passing the cushion construction to prevent water seepage soaked basement.
8. Basement soil and the design does not comply, should be reported to the Commissioner, the owners of the discussion, by the owners, supervision, design and construction units to discuss remediation.
9. Excavation is completed, should be protective measures in good time, try to prevent basement soil disturbance, and organizations should base cushion construction.
Excavation at night, should have adequate lighting facilities, and excavation in order to make reasonable arrangements to prevent the wrong dig or over excavation.
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